UNTUK KITA RENUNGKAN BERSAMA..
Al Fatihah buat Alm. DATO MEOR ABDUL RAHMAN.. Mahaguru Silat Seni Gayong
SUNDANG MAJAPAHIT
The martial arts of SUNDANG MAJAPAHIT
THE ELITES MARTIAL ARTS OF MAJAPAHIT KINGDOM.
Sundang Majapahit is one of the martial arts that originates from the Archipelago, specifically from the Majapahit Kingdom that was once successful in the 13th to 16th centuries.
Sundang Majapahit is a unique and exclusive martial art, because it is only learned by the elite forces in the Majapahit military, i.e. those who are in the ranks of the best forces of the kingdom.
Sundang Majapahit combines fighting techniques that use breaking techniques, i.e. breaking the opponent's bone or joints, with several sharp weapons, such as swords and krisis in both hands as fighting tools.
History of Sundang Majapahit
Sundang Majapahit starts from the history of Majapahit itself, which is a big government with a strong and mighty military force.
The person who first introduced this martial art was Mahisa Anabrang, an officer of the Singasari royal who took shelter under the Majapahit banji after the death of Kertanegara, the last king of Singasari.
Mahisa Anabrang combined the military martial arts knowledge of the Singasari and Dharmasraya governments, located in West Sumatra, then applied it with the support of two sharp weapons in the form of swords in the left hand called Sundang and a kris in the right hand called Taji.
The concept is not to dodge, but just to sneak into the opponent's defense area at his weaker side.
History records, this science is very cruel, because its attack flowed rapidly according to the elements of the universe that marked it.
Even a Ranggalawe, known as quite mighty, had to be subdued with a torn body in a mid-river battle against Mahisa Anabrang.
The cruelty of this science is unstoppable before the opponent is conquered, he will flow uncontrollable floodwaters.
Read Also: Uncovering Events of the Fall of Majapahit Government Due to the Throne Fight
The remains of Mahisa Anabrang, this knowledge was passed down by his son, Mahisa Teruna, otherwise known as Adityawarman, king of Dharmasraya Kingdom.
From these Dharmasraya soldiers Sundang Majapahit grew to Riau Islands, Bugis, Wajo, Malay Peninsula, all the way to Sulu (Philippines).
From the various areas that have inherited it, each of them has a characteristic that signifies Sundang's martial arts, i.e. the wrist strap on the keris and the sword, because both weapons must be able to turn roles quickly.
The Dharmasraya government focuses on the art of breaking motion, Bugis develops the key and the stab (sarong), and Sulu on the speed of reaction.
The Elements of Bitter Majapahit
Sundang Majapahit has a fighting technique divided into several elements, namely:
- Sundown Mountain, which is a defensive element that uses strong and stable movement like a mountain.
- Sundang Kali, which is an attacking element that uses nimble movements and flows like water.
- Sundown Sea, which is an element of conquest that uses vast and deep movements like the sea.
- Wind Blow, i.e. the penetration element that uses light and unexpected movements like the wind.
- Sun Sundahari, which is a protective element that uses bright and warm movements like the sun.
Sundung Majapahit in Nowadays
Unfortunately, Sundang Majapahit is rarely studied anymore in Nusantara. In fact, disappeared without a trace.
After the Majapahit empire was destroyed, this martial arts disappeared and can never be found again.
Some of the governments that were previously taught have also disappeared, except for the Sulu government that is in the Philippines.
Therefore, this martial arts still exist in the Philippines, called Kali Majapahit.
Kali Majapahit is one of the distinctive Filipino martial arts that adapts Sundang Majapahit by incorporating elements of local Filipino culture and weapons, such as knives, sticks, and gloves.
Sundang Majapahit is one of the Nusantara's cultural heritage that should be preserved and developed.
This martial arts has not only historical value, but also philosophical and aesthetic value.
Sundang Majapahit teaches us to appreciate the universe and to master ourselves.
Sundang Majapahit also displays the beauty of movements and weapons typical of Nusantara.
Sundang Majapahit is one of the proofs of the glory and wealth of Nusantara in the past, which should be an inspiration and motivation for us in the present and the future.
***********************
**********************
SUNDANG MAJAPAHIT
Sundang Majapahit adalah sejenis seni tempur yang dibangunkan oleh Mahesa Anabrang (bapa Adityawarman). Ia menggabungkan seni tempur asli Jawa dengan seni tempur kepulauan Melayu, yakni dari bekas empayar Sriwijaya dan Dharmasraya.
Pada tahun 1280an masihi, Prabhu Kertanegara dari kerajaan Sighasari menitahkan penghantaran angkatan laut yang amat besar diketuai oleh Laksamana Mahesa Anabrang bagi menguasai pesisir pantai sepanjang Sumatra timur hingga ke Champa. Tujuannya untuk menghalang angkatan perang Mongol dari mendapat bekalan sebelum menyerang Singhasari
Di Dharmasraya terjadi juga pertempuran kerana sebagai negeri berdaulat, masakan mahu membenarkan pengkalan tentera asing di dirikan di pantainya. Akhirnya Mahesa Anabrang berjaya menguasai Dharmasraya, dan dari situ beliau menambah baik kaedah tenpur Jawa dengan unsur2 kaedah Melayu Dharmasraya.
Sekembalinya Mahesa Anabrang ke Jawa, kerajaan Majapahit baru mula didirikan sesudah Raden Wijaya mengalahkan Kediri dan angkatan Mongol. Namun berlaku pula pemberontakan dari Madura yang diketuai oleh Raden Ranggalawe, yang terkenal handal ilmu tempur dan perang.
Bagaimanapun, dengan kemahiran tempur Mahesa Anabrang, dengan mudah mengalahkan Ranggalawe yang akhirnya mati dengan begitu kejam dalan perlawanan satu lawan satu tersebut.
Kaedah perang angkatan Mahesa Anabrang kemudiannya diajarkan kepada pasukan elit Majapahit, iaitu pasukan paaukan Bhayangkara bagi ekspedisi2 seterusnya sehingga ke Kalimantan dan kepulauan Maharlika (sekarang Filipina) iaitu di zaman Gajahmada (raja Tribhuanatunggadewi dan Hayam Wuruk) dengan diketuai oleh Laksamana Mpu Nala
Kaedah2 tempur pasukan bhayangkara yang digelar Sundang Majapahit ini ada 5 kategori
1. SUNDANG GUNUNG - pasukan pertahanan negara
2. SUNDANG KALI - pasukan khas serangan kecil (komando)
3. SUNDANG ANGIN - pasukan penyusup atau telik sandhi
4. SUNDANG LAUT - pasukan penyerang dari laut yang besar
5. SUNDANG SURYA - pasukan pelindung raja dan kerabat
Setelah kejatuhan Majapahit pada 1478, kaedah2 tempur tersebut telah terhakis begitu sahaja kerana kerajaan penerusnya mengadopsi gaya tempur Uthmaniyyah
Bagaimanapun kaedah tempur Sundang Kali (sungai) terus diamalkan di kerajaan Sulu kawasan Kalimantan dan Maharlika (Filipina). Ia digelar "Sundang Kali/Kalis)" atau "Kali" sahaja.
#sumberdariInternet
